Wind Cave
Hot Springs, South Dakota
Wind Cave in Hot Springs, South Dakota is a limestone solution cave system featuring 165 miles of surveyed passages and a vertical relief of 646 ft. Rated under moderate walking / stairs accessibility, exploring this cavern requires adherence to White-Nose Syndrome bat decontamination protocols, sturdy footwear, and three independent light sources.
Speleological Profile
Wind Cave is named for the barometric winds that blow into or suck out of its natural entrance as surface atmospheric pressure changes. Below the mixed-grass prairie and bison herds of South Dakota lies a 3-dimensional rectilinear maze formed in Madison limestone. Wind Cave is world-famous for its rare honeycomb boxwork—delicate calcite fins that protrude from limestone walls and ceilings formed when limestone dissolved away around mineral-filled fractures. With 165 miles surveyed in an area measuring only one square mile on the surface, it is one of the most densely packed labyrinths known.
Famous Chambers & Features
- 95% of the world's known boxwork formations
- Barometric breathing natural entrance opening
- Complex three-dimensional rectilinear maze structure
- Historic candlelight and wild caving route options
Required Speleology & Exploration Gear
Leave No Trace Underground & Cave Conservation
- •Boxwork is exceptionally brittle: never touch, grasp, or lean against boxwork walls.
- •Bat roosting protection: complete footwear bio-decontamination is strictly enforced.
Visitor Information
National Park Service ticketed guided tours required for all cave entries.
Mandatory boot bio-sanitization before entry and upon exit.